The Instruments

This project centers on developing and validating the Student Emotion Regulation Assessment (SERA), a direct tool for measuring students' use of emotion regulation strategies in common school situations. There are two versions: SERA-P for grades 1-5 which uses age-appropriate, illustrated, and narrated vignettes to engage students. The SERA aims to enhance educators' understanding of students' emotion regulation, increase students' self-awareness of their strategies, and guide educators in supporting effective regulation strategies in the classroom. The project focuses on ensuring the SERA's psychometric strength, feasibility, and utility for schools.

Note: The overview provided for this instrument includes content that may have been sourced from the instrument publisher's or author’s website (or other site providing information about the instrument). This information is presented for educational and informational purposes only. If you have any questions about the content or its permitted uses, please contact annenberg@brown.edu.

The Student Engagement Instrument (SEI) is a 31-items (elementary) instrument that measures various components of student engagement, including teacher-student relationships which may provide insights into students' sense of belonging at school.

Note: The overview provided for this instrument includes content that may have been sourced from the instrument publisher's or author’s website (or other site providing information about the instrument). This information is presented for educational and informational purposes only. If you have any questions about the content or its permitted uses, please contact annenberg@brown.edu.

The Student Engagement Instrument (SEI) is a 35-item (secondary) instrument that measures various components of student engagement, including teacher-student relationships which may provide insights into students' sense of belonging at school.

Note: The overview provided for this instrument includes content that may have been sourced from the instrument publisher's or author’s website (or other site providing information about the instrument). This information is presented for educational and informational purposes only. If you have any questions about the content or its permitted uses, please contact annenberg@brown.edu.

The Student Perception of Wellbeing Questionnaire (SPWQ) measures adolescent well-being in three distinct areas: exercise, explanatory style, and conflict resolution. Subscore(s): There are three subscores: Benefits of exercise, Explanatory style, Conflict resolution

Note: The overview provided for this instrument includes content that may have been sourced from the instrument publisher's or author’s website (or other site providing information about the instrument). This information is presented for educational and informational purposes only. If you have any questions about the content or its permitted uses, please contact annenberg@brown.edu.

The Student Subjective Wellbeing Questionnaire (SSWQ) is a 16-item self-report behavior rating scale for measuring youths' school-specific wellbeing. The SSWQ is comprised of four subscales: (1) Joy of Learning, (2) School Connectedness, (3) Educational Purpose, and (4) Academic Efficacy. Subscale scores can be used as standalone wellbeing indicators or summed to create a Overall Student Wellbeing composite scale. The SSWQ was developed with a sample of 6-8th graders, and a college version is also available. Subscore(s): Connectedness, Self Efficacy, Joy of Learning, Purpose

Note: The overview provided for this instrument includes content that may have been sourced from the instrument publisher's or author’s website (or other site providing information about the instrument). This information is presented for educational and informational purposes only. If you have any questions about the content or its permitted uses, please contact annenberg@brown.edu.

The SSN student survey measures 7 SEL competencies that are connected to persistance and success in students. The categories include academic self-efficacy, belonging, growth mindset, interpersonal skills, problem-solving, self-advocacy, and self-regulation. The survey is intended for students in grades 6-12.

Pianta’s scales (Pianta, 1997; Pianta & Nimetz, 1991; Pianta, Steinberg, & Rollins, 1995), yield measures of the child's relationship with his/her teacher, regarding whether the relationship is conflicted, warm, troubled, open, or dependent.

This survey of school leaders is intended to collect information on the practices that schools are using to improve attendance; the organizational systems in place to support those attendance practices; personnel related to improving attendance; school leader involvement in attendance initiatives; and school leader perceptions of barriers to attendance for their students.

Child Trends’ and the Foundation’s primary goal was to create tools that the Foundation’s investees could use to assess and monitor the extent to which the organizations are improving low-income students’ social and emotional skills associated with success in school and life. A secondary goal was to provide these tools and related guidance to other educators across the country who share a desire to strengthen students’ social and emotional skills as a strategy for supporting their success.

Note: The overview provided for this instrument includes content that may have been sourced from the instrument publisher's or author’s website (or other site providing information about the instrument). This information is presented for educational and informational purposes only. If you have any questions about the content or its permitted uses, please contact annenberg@brown.edu.

The Teacher–Child Rating Scale (T-CRS) is a brief, teacher-completed checklist that assesses children’s social-emotional and behavioral adjustment in school. It focuses on skills that support learning and positive classroom participation, such as attention, behavior regulation, and peer social skills. The current version, T-CRS 3.1, is designed for students from pre-K through grade 5 and can be completed in a few minutes.

From the same study that created the SESQ (Student Engagement in Schools Questionnaire) the TERF-N is a teacher-report form measuring teacher perceptions of student engagement (affective, behavioral, cognitive) for each student. The TERF-N is a revision of the Teacher Engagement Report Form-Original (TERF-O; Lam & Jimerson, 2008).

Teachers were asked to complete one for each student in their class as a way to identify high-risk children. Teachers were asked to describe, among other things, whether the child completed assignments, was friendly, broke rules, was disobedient, fought, or yelled at others. Teachers used a Likert scale of 0 to 5, with responses including almost never (0), rarely (1), sometimes (2), often (3), very often (4), and almost always (5). The original measure was 16 items, later revised by discarding two and adding 21 more. The items are aggregated into four subscales (Overt Aggression Subscale, Oppositional Subscale, Covert Antisocial Subscale, Authority Acceptance Subscale). For those looking for a scale with less cost and time to administer than the structured interview session, the TOCA-C was been developed in 2009. The TOCA-Checklist is a written, checklist-based version of the TOCA-R.  Subscore(s): Aggression, Authority, Opposition

Note: The overview provided for this instrument includes content that may have been sourced from the instrument publisher's or author’s website (or other site providing information about the instrument). This information is presented for educational and informational purposes only. If you have any questions about the content or its permitted uses, please contact annenberg@brown.edu.

The Teacher Observation of Classroom Adaptation–Checklist (TOCA-C) is a teacher-completed checklist used to assess students’ classroom behavior and social functioning. It is a streamlined version of the original Teacher Observation of Classroom Adaptation (TOCA) instrument developed by Kellam et al. (1975). The checklist format makes it easier and faster to administer, while still capturing behaviors that influence students’ academic success and relationships with peers and teachers.

The Teacher Questionnaire: Integrating Engineering Practices into Secondary Science Instruction is an instrument composed of 25 Likert-style items and divided into two sections. The first focuses on demographics and independent variables. The second covers experiences, emotions, appraisals, and self-efficacy. The first has 6 items, the next has 19. This questionnaire assesses pedagogical preparation, self-efficacy, experiences, emotions, and appraisals regarding the integration of engineering practices into science education. 

The Teaching NGSS Science with Multilingual Learners Questionnaire is a teacher survey that measures elementary teachers’ beliefs, preparedness, and instructional practices for teaching science to multilingual learners under the Next Generation Science Standards. Developed by Grapin and colleagues in 2024, the questionnaire focuses on how teachers understand and enact shifts in both science instruction and language support called for by the NGSS.

The Abbreviated School Climate Survey (ASCS), an abbreviated version of the 100-item School Climate survey developed by the Developmental Studies Center (now known as the Center for the Collaborative Classroom), is a 34-item assessment of school climate that includes 7 of the 11 subscales from the original assessment. The subscales include: positive behavior, negative behavior, classroom and school supportiveness, autonomy and influence, safety at schools, enjoyment of school, and school norms and rules).

Note: The overview provided for this instrument includes content that may have been sourced from the instrument publisher's or author’s website (or other site providing information about the instrument). This information is presented for educational and informational purposes only. If you have any questions about the content or its permitted uses, please contact annenberg@brown.edu.

The Echelle de Motivation en Education (EME) is based on the tenets of self-determination theory and is composed of 28 items subdivided into 7 subscales assessing three types of intrinsic motivation (intrinsic motivation to know, to accomplish things, and to experience stimulation), three types of extrinsic motivation (external, introjected, and identified regulation), and amotivation. The EME was translated into English and named the Academic Motivation Scale. The English version, the AMS, showed satisfactory levels of internal consistency temporal stability over a one-month period. A confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the 7-factor structure of the AMS.  A college version is also available. Subscore(s): Motivation, Internal Motivation, External Motivation, Amotivation

Note: The overview provided for this instrument includes content that may have been sourced from the instrument publisher's or author’s website (or other site providing information about the instrument). This information is presented for educational and informational purposes only. If you have any questions about the content or its permitted uses, please contact annenberg@brown.edu.

The Bridge-Positive Youth Development measure is an open-source, 40-item Likert survey initially validated using responses from 7-18-year-old  children in a community-based after school program in Denver, CO. It uses a resilience-based framework incorporating the 5 Cs: Competence, Confidence, Connection, Character, and Caring/Compassion.  Subscore(s): Competence, Confidence, Connection, Character, Caring/Compassion, Resilience 

Note: The overview provided for this instrument includes content that may have been sourced from the instrument publisher's or author’s website (or other site providing information about the instrument). This information is presented for educational and informational purposes only. If you have any questions about the content or its permitted uses, please contact annenberg@brown.edu.

The purpose of the CACS is to extract the racialized experiences of youth of color in school to highlight opportunities to mitigate issues of racial bias and discrimination. In previous work the CACS has been used to identify strategies to improve student well-being, belonging, and engagement.  Six constructs are currently used to assess school climate through the CACS, including awareness of student interests, teacher expectations, racial identity and discrimination, multicultural navigation, selective vulnerability, and promotion of social justice.  Awareness of student interests measures youth of color's perspectives on their teacher's awareness and nurturance of their interests, both academic and non-academic.  Teacher expectations measures students' perspectives on how teachers expect them to perform and the support teachers provide related to those expectations.  Racial identity/discrimination measures students’ perspectives on whether the classroom environment is culturally affirming and whether they experience subtle or overt forms of racism and discrimination.  Multicultural navigation measures students' perspectives of learning about other non-White cultures. Selective trust measures students’ perspectives on whether they trust their classroom teachers and whether there are other adults in their schools who they trust.  Promotion of social justice measures students' perspectives of teachers' openness about inequalities and injustice and efforts to promote equity and fairness as it relates to marginalized identities (e.g., race, socioeconomic status).

The DECA is a newly developed standardized, norm‐referenced measure of resilience, completed by parents and teachers in a collaborative and supportive partnership. Subscales include initiative, attachment, self‐control, and behavioral concerns.

A revised version of the ERQ, the ERQ-CA is meant to be used in non-adult samples. Revision of the ERQ visible in the ERQ-CA include simplification of item wording and a switch from a 7-point Likert scale to a 5-point Likert scale. Subscore(s): Cognitive Reappraisal, Expressive Suppression, Emotion Regulation

The ERQ (Gross & John, 2003) comprises 10 items assessing the ER strategies of CR (6 items) and ES (4 items). Items are rated on a 7-point Likert-type response scale. Higher scores on each scale indicate greater use of the corresponding ER strategy. Subscore(s): Cognitive Reappraisal, Expressive Suppression, Emotion Regulation

The Flourishing Children Project, funded by the John Templeton Foundation, has constructed 20 scales based on a nationally representative sample to measure different dimensions of personal flourishing. The scales are open access, and many offer versions for both adolescents (ages 12-18) and parents. The scales fall into 5 categories: Personal Flourishing, Flourishing in School and Work, Flourishing in Relationships, Relationship Skills, and Environmental Stewardship.

Note: The overview provided for this instrument includes content that may have been sourced from the instrument publisher's or author’s website (or other site providing information about the instrument). This information is presented for educational and informational purposes only. If you have any questions about the content or its permitted uses, please contact annenberg@brown.edu.

The full 78-item Hemingway includes 15 ecological subscales measuring three domains of adolescent connectedness - connectedness to self, connectedness to others, and connectedness to society. 

The full 78-item Hemingway includes 15 ecological subscales measuring three domains of adolescent connectedness - connectedness to self, connectedness to others, and connectedness to society. 

The Mathematics Classroom Connectedness Scale (MCCS) is a student survey that measures how connected and supported students feel in their math classroom. It focuses on middle-grade learners. The scale asks students about their relationships with their math teacher, the sense of community in the classroom, and whether their ideas and contributions feel valued. The MCCS can help schools and researchers understand how teacher practices relate to students’ engagement and their belief that mathematics is meaningful and relevant.

The Momentary Emotion Assessment Tool is designed to track students' emotions and their responses in real time at school. This tool helps researchers and educators understand momentary emotions, how they change, and assess the impact of interventions aimed at improving students' school experiences. Students receive individual reports with feedback on enhancing their emotional well-being, while schools receive aggregated data and resources to support students. The tool also contributes to scientific insights on how adolescents' emotions vary across different contexts, including time, setting, activity, and social interactions, and how these experiences differ among students.

Note: The overview provided for this instrument includes content that may have been sourced from the instrument publisher's or author’s website (or other site providing information about the instrument). This information is presented for educational and informational purposes only. If you have any questions about the content or its permitted uses, please contact annenberg@brown.edu.

Created along the Motivation and Engagement Wheel, the Motivation and Engagement Scale consists of eleven motivation and engagement subscales congruent with the eleven first-order factors in the Wheel (i.e., self-efficacy, valuing, mastery orientation, planning, task management, persistence, anxiety, failure avoidance, uncertain control, self-handicapping, and disengagement). The eleven subscales can be separated into four major groups representing the four higher-order motivation and engagement factors (i.e., adaptive cognition, adaptive behaviour, impeding cognition, and maladaptive behaviour). Each of the eleven MES subscales comprises four items‚Äîhence, the MES is a 44-item instrument. To respond to the MES, a 5-point Likert-type scale, ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree), is provided. An 11 item short form is also available.  Subscore(s): Self Efficacy, Valuing, Mastery Orientation, Project Planning, Task Management, Persistence, Anxiety, Failure Avoidance, Self/Inhibitory Control, Self-handicapping, Disengagement, Motivation, Engagement

Note: The overview provided for this instrument includes content that may have been sourced from the instrument publisher's or author’s website (or other site providing information about the instrument). This information is presented for educational and informational purposes only. If you have any questions about the content or its permitted uses, please contact annenberg@brown.edu.