Strengthening School Connectedness to Increase Student Success
Category: Student Well-Being
Instrument Overview
Pianta’s scales (Pianta, 1997; Pianta & Nimetz, 1991; Pianta, Steinberg, & Rollins, 1995), yield measures of the child's relationship with his/her teacher, regarding whether the relationship is conflicted, warm, troubled, open, or dependent.
Note: The overview provided for this instrument includes content that may have been sourced from the instrument publisher's or author’s website (or other site providing information about the instrument). This information is presented for educational and informational purposes only. If you have any questions about the content or its permitted uses, please contact annenberg@brown.edu.
Organization
Topic
Student Well-Being Category
American Institutes for Research® partnered with the Annenberg Institute at Brown University to collect instruments related to student well-being.
Content
Grades
< 3 Years,
Pre-Kindergarten,
Kindergarten,
1st Grade,
2nd Grade,
3rd Grade,
4th Grade,
5th Grade
Keywords
Healthy relationships
Respondent
Teacher
Administration Information
Length
The scales are quick for teachers to complete, approximately 5 – 10 minutes.
Access and Use
Setting
Classroom
Psychometrics (additional guidance)
Psychometric References
Pianta, R. C. (1997). Adult‐child relationship processes and early schooling. Early Education and Development,
8, 11‐26.
Pianta, R. C., & Nimetz, S. L. (1991). The student‐teacher relationship scale: Results of a pilot study. Journal of
Applied Developmental Psychology, 12, 379‐393.
Pianta, R. C., & Steinberg, M. (1992). Teacher‐child relationships and the process of adjusting to school. New
Directions for Child Development, 57, 61‐80.
Pianta, R. C., Steinberg, M., & Rollins, K. (1995). The first two years of school: Teacher‐child relationships and
deflections in children’s classroom adjustment. Development and Psychopathology, 7, 295‐312.
Ramos‐Marcuse, F., & Arsenio, W. F. (2001). Young children’s emotionally‐charged moral narratives: Relations
with attachment and behavior problems. Early Education and Development, 12, 165‐184.
Saft, E. W., & Pianta, R. C. (2001). Teachers' perceptions of their relationships with student: Effects of child
age, gender, and ethnicity of teachers and children. School Psychology Quarterly, 16, 125‐141.
