Strengthening School Connectedness to Increase Student Success
Category: Student Well-Being
Studies show that people of color (Steele & Aronson, 1995), first-generation college students (Stephens, Hamedani, & Destin, 2014), and women (Inzlicht & Ben-Zeev, 2000) may struggle in school (or, in the case of women, in science, technology, engineering, and math classes) because they feel they do not belong there. Yet reassuring students that they indeed “fit” in school, majors, or other groups helps them learn more, earn better grades, and even avoid illness (Walton & Cohen, 2011). Because education and health are important drivers of social mobility (Card, 2001; Halleröd & Gustafsson, 2011), increasing people’s sense of social fit may be one pathway out of poverty. The Sense of Social Fit Scale is a 17-item measure that assesses how much a person feels they belong in a group, such as a school, club, or academic department. Researchers have used this measure with college students whose parents did not earn a four-year degree (i.e., first-generation college students, Stephens, Hamedani, & Destin, 2014), college students in remedial classes (Devers, et al., 2016), and American and Canadian college students of African, Asian, European, Latinx, and Native heritages (Walton & Cohen, 2007; Walton et al., 2012).
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American Institutes for Research® partnered with the Annenberg Institute at Brown University to collect instruments related to student well-being.
Walton, G. M., & Cohen, G. L. (2007). A question of belonging: Race, social fit, and achievement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92(1), 82-96. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.92.1.82