Goal Attainment Scales (GAS)

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Goal Attainment Scales (GAS) offer an approach to evaluate changes in the academic and social behaviors of students. The GAS methodology is individualized and criterion-referenced and consists of three steps: 1) selecting a target academic outcome or behavior, 2) describing the target academic outcome or behavior, 3) developing 3-5 descriptions of the target academic outcome or behavior ranging from the least to most favorable. Each description is assigned a numerical rating that allows the scale to be used for ongoing monitoring and reporting of student progress.

Content

Topics
Student Well-Being and Mental Health
Tags
Social and emotional learning
Grades
Kindergarten,
4,
2nd Grade,
3rd Grade,
4th Grade,
5th Grade,
6th Grade,
7th Grade,
8th Grade,
9th Grade,
10th Grade,
11th Grade,
12th Grade,
Post secondary
Respondent
Student
Teacher
Parent
Observer

Administration Information

Length
5-60 minutes
Administration
Paper

Access and Use

Link
https://doi.org/10.1177/004005990503700401
Open Access
Yes
Use in Research

Hume, K., Odom, S. L., Steinbrenner, J. R., Smith DaWalt, L., Hall, L. J., Kraemer, B., ... & Bolt, D. M. (2022). Efficacy of a school-based comprehensive intervention program for adolescents with autism. Exceptional Children, 88(2), 223-240. https://doi.org/10.1177/00144029211062589

Logan, B., Jegatheesan, D., Viecelli, A., Pascoe, E., & Hubbard, R. (2022). Goal attainment scaling as an outcome measure for randomised controlled trials: a scoping review. BMJ open, 12(7), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063061

Psychometrics

Scoring
Manual scoring
Psychometric References

Kiresuk, T. J., & Sherman, R. E. (1968). Goal attainment scaling: A general method for evaluating comprehensive community mental health programs. Community mental health journal, 4(6), 443-453. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01530764

Designed for students with disabilities
No
Designed for English Language Learners
No