Strengthening School Connectedness to Increase Student Success
Category: Student Well-Being
The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) is a 10-item scale measuring self-esteem within respondents. Half of the scale items are worded positively, while the other half are worded negatively. Each scale item is answered using a 4-point Likert scale, with 1 being strongly agree and 4 being strongly disagree.
American Institutes for Research® partnered with the Annenberg Institute at Brown University to collect instruments related to student well-being.
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Greenberger, E., Chen, C., Dmitrieva, J., & Farruggia, S. P. (2003). Item-wording and the dimensionality of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: Do they matter?. Personality and Individual Differences, 35(6), 1241-1254. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00331-8
Robins, Richard W., et al. Measuring global self-esteem: Construct validation of a single-item measure and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27(2), 151 - 161. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167201272002
Salerno, L., Ingoglia, S., & Coco, G. L. (2017). Competing factor structures of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and its measurement invariance across clinical and non-clinical samples. Personality and Individual Differences, 113, 13-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.02.063