Strengthening School Connectedness to Increase Student Success
Category: Student Well-Being
Physical and verbal aggression is a 20‐item scale (e.g.,” I threaten others”, “I get into fights) with five control items. Target items offer a description of a child’s behavior aimed at hurting others physically and verbally (Pastorelli et. al. 1997). Prosocial behavior was assessed by 10 items in terms of helpfulness, sharing, kindness, and cooperativeness (e.g., “I try to help others “) (Caprara & Pastorelli, 1993).
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American Institutes for Research® partnered with the Annenberg Institute at Brown University to collect instruments related to student well-being.
Bandura, A., Barbaranelli, C., Caprara, G. V., & Pastorelli, C. (1996a). Mechanisms of moral disengagement in
the exercise of moral agency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 364–374.
Caprara, G. V. & Pastorelli, C. (1993). Early emotional instability, prosocial behavior and aggression: Some
methodological aspects. European Journal of Personality, 7, 19‐36.
Pastorelli, C., Barbaranelli, C., Cermak, I., Rozsa, S., & Caprar, G. V. (1997). Measuring emotional instability,
prosocial behavior and aggression in pre‐adolescents: A cross‐national study. Personality and Individual
Differences, 23(4)), 6911‐703